General Specifications - Appendix 6
INSTRUCTIONS FOR
PAINTING
AND CEMENTING VESSELS
OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY
Edition of June 1943
Section 8-A.
Previous editions of this publication have shown in detail the manufacturing formulas of all paints and varnishes, as a basis for the control of quality. Specifications are now in preparation for all of the paints and varnishes specified herein by formula designation. Pending issue of specifications printed sheets for each formula are available in most instances for distribution, giving manufacturing details. However, specifications and formulas for anticorrosive, antifouling, boot-topping, submarine ballast and submarine superstructure coatings are not furnished to contractors because the necessary close control of quality of products is impracticable. These products will be supplied as government furnished items. Specifications where applicable or in lieu thereof standard manufacturing formulas which have been approved by the Bureau shall govern the procurement of materials from commercial sources and the manufacture of products by the navy yards.
Containers shall be labeled with the name of the paint and the formula designation.
The following are the formula designations and specification symbols where applicable to date, with a brief statement of the purpose for which the product is used primarily and also including its indicated suitability for other purposes.
| Formula Designation |
Name of Paint | Navy Dept. Specification |
Purpose |
| 5-B | Thayer Blue | 52P47 | Light Blue Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-H | Haze Gray | 52P45 | Light Blue-Gray Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-GTM | Green Tinting Material | 52P50 | Green Tinting Material for mixing
with white base 5-U to obtain Navy Green, Haze Green, and Ocean Green |
| 5-HG | Haze Green | 52P55 | Light Green Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-L | Light Gray | 52P52 | Lighter Blue-Gray Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-N | Navy Blue | 52P44 | Dark Blue-Gray Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-NG | Navy Green | 52P57 | Dark Green Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-O | Ocean Gray | 52P46 | Medium Blue-Gray Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-OG | Ocean Green | 52P56 | Medium Shade of Green Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-P | Pale Blue-Gray | 52P51 | Lightest Blue-Gray Paint for Camouflage |
| 5-BTM | Tinting Material | 52P49 | Blue Tinting Material for mixing
with White Base 5-U to obtain Navy Blue, Ocean Gray, and Haze Gray. |
| 5-TM | Tinting Material | 52P42 | Blue-Black Tinting Material for mixing with White Base 5-U to obtain Navy Blue, Ocean Gray, and Haze Gray. |
| 5-U | White Base for Camouflage Paint |
52P25 | White Base for mixing with 5-TM
to obtain the 25 Camouflage Shades described in Ships-2 |
| 6 | Outside White | 52P28 | Glossy White paint for exterior Topsides |
| 12 | Hospital Ship Green | 52P32 | Green for striping exterior of
Hospital Ships; for starboard light boxes; for flag officer's motor launch exteriors. |
| 13 | Dull Black | Submarine exteriors above the
waterline; a suitable Flat Black finish for other exterior surfaces. |
|
| 14 (Formally Mare Island 42A) |
Anticorrosive Shipbottom | Undercoat for hot and cold plastic antifouling paints. | |
| 14-D (Formally Mare Island 42-D) |
Anticorrosive Shipbottom | Dark Undercoat for cold plastic antifouling paint on Submarines. | |
| 15HP (Formally Mare Island 142C) |
Hot Plastic antifouling Shipbottom |
Antifouling Coating. | |
| 16 | Copper Bottom for Wood Vessels |
Antifouling for Wood Hulls. | |
| Antifouling paint for High-Speed Wood Vessels |
52P20 | Antifouling paint where high
abrasive and frictional forces are encountered. |
|
| 19 | Dark Green Deck | Dark Green for interior steel decks in officers quarters. | |
| 20-B | Weather Deck | 52P43 | Dark Blue-Gray paint for steel
and wood weather decks except Aircraft Carrier flight decks. |
| 20-G | Deck Green | 52P58 | Dark Green paint for Camouflage. |
| 20-L | Light Gray Deck | Light Gray paint for interior steel decks. | |
| 20-U | White Deck Paint | 52P48 | Coating on decks of washrooms and other wet spaces. |
| 21 | Flight Deck Stain | Blue-Gray stain for wood flight deck on Aircraft Carriers. (CV's, CVL's, and CVE's) | |
| 22 | Flight Deck Marking | Light Blue-Gray (contrast with F-21) for marking flight decks. | |
| 23 | Red Deck | 52P23 | Dark Red paint for interior steel decks. |
| 24 | Black Deck | 52P27 | Glossy Black paint for exteriors; motorboat hulls. |
| 27 | Inside White | 52P22 | Flat Fire-retardant white for bulkheads, overheads, and decks of magazines. |
| 27-L | Inside Light Gray | Light Gray finish for interior bulkheads and overheads. | |
| 28 | Acid-Resisting Black | Black coating for acid storage spaces, and other areas where corrosive fumes are present. | |
| 30 | White Enamel | 52P21 | High Gloss acid resisting white finish for interior bulkheads. |
| 30-L | Gray Enamel | 52PE4 | Finish coat on Machinery. |
| 31 | Inside Semi-Flat Green | 52P33 | Flat Pale Green finish for stations; undercoat for Green enamel. |
| 38 | Black Striping | 52P36 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Black is desired. |
| 39 | Green Striping | 52P37 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Green is desired. |
| 40 | Red Striping | 52P31 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Red is desired. |
| 41 | Brown Striping | 52P38 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Brown is desired. |
| 42 | Yellow Striping | 52P30 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Yellow is desired. |
| 43 | Blue Striping | 52P39 | Gas Cylinder marking and other identification where a Blue is desired. |
| 45 | Anchor Chain Black | 52V1 | For anchor chains in service. |
| 49 | Cherry Stain | 52S7 | For wood prior to varnishing. |
| 50 | Mahogany Stain | 52S7 | For wood prior to varnishing. |
| 51 | Dark Oak Stain | 52S7 | For wood prior to varnishing. |
| 52 | Light Oak Stain | 52S7 | For wood prior to varnishing. |
| 54 | Walnut Stain | 52S7 | For wood prior to varnishing. |
| Liquid Wax | P-W-141 | For Aluminum lockers and surfaces where the maintenance of a naturally bright metallic surface is desired. | |
| 62 | Light Gray Smoothing Cement | 52C25 | For smoothing-out irregularity in steel surfaces such as on armor. |
| 63 | Oil and Water Stop | On surfaces where a viscous liquid can be handled. | |
| 64 | Oil and Water Stop | On surfaces where a caulking paste can be handled. | |
| 65 | Oil Stop Compound | On surfaces where a heavy caulking paste can be handled. | |
| 65-5 Series | Norfolk cold plastic Antifouling Shipbottom |
Antifouling coating for surface vessels. | |
| 67 | Slate color Putty | As a seam filler where a Gray color is desired on Boat seams. | |
| 68 | Red Putty | Pipe joint compound. | |
| 69 | White Putty | As a seam filler where a White color is desired on Boat seams. | |
| 80 | Phenolic Varnish | 52V12 | As a clear coating on faying surfaces aluminum and wood; as a general-purpose spar varnish. |
| 84 | Zinc-Chromate | 52P18 | After Pickling and interior primer. |
| 84-D | Dark Zinc-Chromate | Dark Green primer for exteriors. | |
| 84-G | Green Zinc-Chromate Primer | For identifying types of steel at the pickling tank. | |
| 84-R | Red Zinc-Chromate Primer | For identifying types of steel at the pickling tank. | |
| 89 | White Plastic Compound | Submarine main ballast tanks. | |
| 90 | Black Plastic Compound | Inaccessible area in submarine superstructures, and as an undercoat for antifouling boot-topping paint. | |
| 91 | Plastic composition for potable water tanks | Coating for drinking water tanks where the temperature is not to exceed 150 degrees F. | |
| 92 | Gilsonite paint | 52P41 | Coating for drinking water tanks. |
| 93 | Phenolic Varnish ingredient | 52V17 | As a baked coating for drinking water tanks; as the phenolic portion of the vehicle in Zinc-Chromate primer. |
| 94 | Chlorinated Rubber Lacquer | Coating for rubber sound projector domes. | |
| 143 Series | Mare Island cold plastic antifouling shipbottom | Antifouling coating for Surface Vessels. | |
| 145 Series | Antifouling coating for Submarines. | ||
| 146 Series | Antifouling coating for Waterlines of Submarines. |
List of Paints
| After Pickling Paint | Interior Paint | Interior Paint, Tank Coatings | |||||
| Kind of Paint | Formula | Kind of Paint | Formula | Kind of Paint | Formula | ||
| Zinc Chromate | 84 | Submarine, Bilge | 46 | Black Plastic | 90 | ||
| Zinc Chromate Green | 84-G | Varnish, Phenolic | 80 | Gilsonite | 92 | ||
| Zinc Chromate Red | 84-R | Interior Paint, Deck | Phenolic Varnish | 93 | |||
| Exterior Topside Paints | Kind of Paint | Formula | Plastic for Water Tanks | 91 | |||
| Kind of Paint | Formula | Black | 24 | White | 88 | ||
| Black, Anchor Chain | 45 | Gray, Light | 20-L | White Plastic | 89 | ||
| Black, Deck | 24 | Green, Dark | 19 | Interior Paint, Vertical Sides and Overhead | |||
| Black, Dull | 13 | Red | 23 | Kind of Paint | Formula | ||
| Blue, Deck | 20-B | White | 20-U | Black, Acid Resisting | 28 | ||
| Blue, Navy | 5-N | Interior
Paint, Machinery, and Furniture |
Gray, Inside Light | 27-L | |||
| Blue, Thayer | 5-B | Kind of Paint | Formula | Green, Inside Light | 31 | ||
| Cold Plastic, Mare Island Formula |
146 Series | Gray Enamel | 30-L | White Enamel | 30 | ||
| Flight Deck Marking | 22 | Interior Paint, Stains | White, Inside | 27 | |||
| Flight Deck Stain | 21 | Kind of Paint | Formula | Ship Bottom Paint | |||
| Gray, Haze | 5-H | Cherry | 49 | Kind of Paint | Formula | ||
| Gray, Light | 5-L | Mahogany | 50 | Anticorrosive | 14 | ||
| Gray, Ocean | 5-O | Oak, Dark | 51 | Anticorrosive, Dark Plastic | 14-D | ||
| Green, Deck | 20-G | Oak, Light | 52 | Antifouling-Cold Plastic Mare Island Series |
143 | ||
| Green, Haze | 5-HG | Walnut | 54 | Antifouling-Cold Plastic Mare Island Series |
145 | ||
| Green, Hospital Ship | 12 | Primers | Antifouling-Cold Plastic Mare Island Series |
146 | |||
| Green, Navy | 5-NG | Kind of Paint | Formula | Antifouling-Cold Plastic Norfolk Series |
65-5 | ||
| Green, Ocean | 5-OG | Zinc Chromate | 84 | Antifouling-Hot Plastic | 15HP | ||
| Green Striping | 39 | Zinc Chromate, Dark | 84-D | Copper Paint for Wooden Vessels | 16 | ||
| Red Striping | 40 | Interior Paint, Striping | |||||
| White Enamel | 30 | Kind of Paint | Formula | ||||
| White, Outside | 6 | Black | 38 | ||||
| Primers | Blue | 43 | |||||
| Kind of Paint | Formula | Brown | 41 | ||||
| Light Gray Smoothing Cement |
62 | Green | 39 | ||||
| Oil and Water Stop | 63 | Red | 40 | ||||
| Oil and Water Stop | 64 | Yellow | 42 | ||||
| Oil Stop Compound | 65 | Coating, Rubber | |||||
| Red Putty | 68 | Kind of Paint | Formula | ||||
| Slate Color Putty | 67 | Rubber Sound Dome Coating |
|||||
| White Putty | 69 | ||||||
Film thickness – spreading rate.- Emphasis has been placed in chapter 1 upon a maximum film thickness of paint on interior surfaces to minimize the fire hazard and to save weight. Film thickness involves spreading rate and volume of nonvolatile components of a paint. Also, it is often desirable to know the spreading rate of a paint in estimating costs. For ready reference a graph is shown indicating the relationship between spreading rate, film thickness, and volume of nonvolatile components. If the value of any two of these properties is known the third can be determined from the chart. For example, if the spreading rate is known to be about 400 square feet per gallon and the nonvolatile component volume is 40 percent, the average thickness of the dry film should be .0016 inch. If the inspector measures the film thickness and finds it averages about .0024 inch he will know that the spreading rate was about 275 square feet per gallon or that more than one coat was applied.
The volume of the nonvolatile components of a paint can be computed from the manufacturing formula. As an example, the steps in determining the value for the nonvolatile components in the zinc-chromate primer, formula 84, are given:
| Ingredient | Pounds
per 100 Gallons |
Weight Percent |
Bulking Values |
Total Gallons |
Volatile Percent |
Gallons Non-Volatile |
Gallons Volatile |
Lb./gal. | Specific Gravity |
|
| Gal./lb. | ||||||||||
| Zinc Yellow (Navy Dept. Spec. 52Z5) |
288.0 | 25.34 | .0340 | 9.79 | 9.72 | 99.79 | 19.41 | 3.530 | ||
| Titanium Dioxide (Type B of Navy Dept. Spec. 52T8) |
79.0 | 6.95 | .0309 | 2.44 | 2.42 | 2.44 | 32.36 | 3.884 | ||
| Raw Sienna (Navy Dept. Spec. 52S4) | 26.0 | 2.29 | .0368 | .96 | .95 | .96 | 27.17 | 3.261 | ||
| Magnesium-Silicate (Navy Dept. Spec. 52M2) | 131.0 | 11.53 | .0421 | 5.52 | 5.47 | 5.52 | 23.75 | 2.851 | ||
| Dipentine (Navy Dept. Spec. 52D8) | 54.0 | 4.75 | .1421 | 7.67 | 7.61 | 7.67 | 7.04 | 0.845 | ||
| Phenolic varnish (Navy Dept. Spec. 52V17) | 60% nonvol. 265.0 | 159 lbs nonvol | 13.99 | .1290 (.1149) | 34.18 | 18.13 | 18.27 | 15.91 | 7.75 (8.71) | 0.930 (1.045) |
| 106 lbs. nonvol | 9.33 | 15.79 | ||||||||
| Resin:alkyd (Navy Dept. Spec. 52R13) | 70% nonvol 122.0 | 85.4 lbs. nonvol | 7.51 | .1266 (.1152) | 15.25 | 9.76 | 9.84 | 5.41 | 7.90 (8.68) | 0.948 (1.042) |
| 36.6 lbs. nonvol | 3.22 | 5.37 | ||||||||
| Paint Thinner (Grade II of Navy Dept. Spec. 52T9) | 157.0 | 13.81 | .1484 | 23.40 | 23.22 | 23.40 | 6.74 | 0.809 | ||
| Lead Naphthenate Drier (Navy Dept. Spec. 52D7) | 12.2 | 1.08 | .1042 | 1.27 | 1.26 | 1.27 | 9.60 | 1.152 | ||
| Cobalt Naphthenate Drier (Navy Dept. Spec. 52D7) | 1.2 | .10 | .1250 | .15 | .15 | .15 | 8.00 | 0.960 | ||
| Manganese Naphthenate Drier (Navy Dept. Spec. 52D7) | 1.2 | .10 | .1250 | .15 | .15 | .15 | 8.00 | 0.960 | ||
| Total | 1136.6 | 100.00 | 100.78 | 100.00 | 46.82 | 53.96 | ||||